It means 'to be'!
So when do we use it?
Well, basically, all the time. It is the most used verb of all and quite an important one to learn.
So how about an example?
- Esse cão é meu - that dog is mine
- Este filme é bom - this film is good
- Este café é meu? - is this coffee mine?
- Hoje é terça feira - today is Tuesday
- Este é o meu irmão - this is my brother
- Ele é médico* - he is a doctor
- Estes sapatos são novos - these shoes are new
- Eles são amigos - they are friends
- Os meus filhos são inteligentes - my children are intelligent
This verb is irregular, that means that the way it changes does not follow a consistent pattern. However, ele, ela and você all take on the same form
Eu sou - I am
Tu és - you are (familiar)
Ele é - he is
Ela é - she is
Nós somos - we are
Vocês são - you (all) are. (in Liverpool we say 'yous').
Eles são - they are (masc)
Você é - you are (formal)
These verbs have to be learned off by heart. To see how to pronounce them, click here.
We us the 'tu' form, for close friends, animals and family.
We use the 'você' form, when we are speaking to somebody in a more formal setting, people we do not know on a personal level.
We use 'vocês' when we are speaking to more than one person at the same time.
I am
you are
he is
we are
they are
We us the 'tu' form, for close friends, animals and family.
We use the 'você' form, when we are speaking to somebody in a more formal setting, people we do not know on a personal level.
We use 'vocês' when we are speaking to more than one person at the same time.
- Tu és alto - you are a tall
- Você é medica* - you are a doctor
- Você é advogado? - are you a lawyer?
- Vocês são ingleses? - are you English?
- Vocês são inteligentes - you are (all) intelligent.
I am
you are
he is
we are
they are
We would never say 'I is', 'he are' or 'they am', it is the same in Portuguese.
We use the verb SER for the things that best describe ones traits; profession, marital status, attributes, nationality. This also applied to things.
- O prédio é alto - the building is tall
- A casa é grande - the house is big
- A mesa é pequena - the table is small
- O carro é azul - the car is blue
Eg:
- (Eu) sou Ana - I am Ana (who you are)
- (Eu) sou mãe - I am a mother (what you are)
- Ele é médico - he is a doctor (profession)
- Ela é bonita - she is beautiful (description/ attribute)
- Ele é alto - he is tall (description/ attribute)
- Eles são amigos - they are friends. (relationships)
- (Nós) somos irmãos - we are brother and sister. (relationships)
When you want to say, I am not, we are not etc. you just place 'não' before the verb.
- Eu não sou francesa - I am not French (f)
- Eu não sou médica - I am not a doctor (f)
- Ele não é alto - he is not tall (m)
- Nós não somos amigos - we are not friends
- O João não é inteligente - João is not intelligent
- They are brother and sister
- She is a mother
- I am not a doctor
- João is a father
- She is French
- They are not lawyers
- The house is not big
- The car is not blue
- The table is big
- This coffee is not mine
- That dog is not mine
- The house is blue
*note: if the subject is feminine the noun changes to feminine
Médico (m) changes to médica (f)
Alto = alta
Bonito = bonita